学号：
：
10437213
常
州
大
学
毕 业 设 计 （ 论 文 ）
（ 2014 届）
题
目
智能水质监测船的设计与实现
学
生
陈
伟
学
院
怀德学院
专
业
班
级
通信 101
校内指导教师
宦
娟
专业技术职务
讲
师
校外 指导老师
专业技术职务
二 ○ 一四年三 月
I
智能水质监测船的设计与实现
摘要 摘要：随着工业化的推进，水质污染情况日益加重，水质情况又是影响养水产殖业最重要的因素，水质的好坏直接决定水产品的质量，目前导致养殖业亏损的原因中，水质监测信息不及时以及检测系统覆盖不全面是很重要的一大原因。
针对这一问题本文设计了一种基于 GPS 定位技术和 GSM 通信技术的水质监测船，该船具有避障功能，保证船能够一直在水中行驶，并且能够检测盐度、PH、温度等水质数据，当数据超过设定的阀值时会把水质数据发送到用户手机。
本文先结合水质传感器的相关知识，然后结合 GSM 和 GPS 提出系统整体方案，分别从硬件和软件方面详细介绍设计流程。硬件方面：选择宏晶公司的 STC12C5A60S2系列单片机作为主控芯片，设计了盐度、PH、温度传感器的信号调理电路，串口通信电路、液晶显示电路、A/D 采集电路，介绍了玻璃钢船模的制作过程，提出船模避障方案。软件方面：介绍各模块的程序设计思路，提出串口通信程序设计方案、GPS 数据处理方案和 A/D 数据采集方案。
关键词：水质监测；传感器；GPS；GSM；船模；
II
The design and implementation of intelligent
water quality monitoring ship Abstract Abstract: With the advance of industrialization, water pollution is increasing, water quality and influence factors of the aquatic breeding industry is the most important,quality determines the quality of aquatic products, the cause of aquaculture loss,water quality monitoring information is not timely and the coverage is not comprehensive detection system is a very important reason. GSM is a global communication system, is currently the most widely used mobile phone standard, GSM SMS short message service is simple to use, low cost, this paper proposes using GSM messaging to monitoring of data transfer scheme. GPS is the global positioning system, is currently the most widely used positioning system, GPS has the characteristics of all-weather, high precision, low cost, this paper proposes the use of GPS positioning to determine the monitoring area. This paper first introduces the related knowledge of water quality sensor, then combined with GSM and GPS put forward the overall scheme of the system,respectively from the aspects of hardware and software detailed design process. Hardware: the use of STC12C5A60S2 micro controller series macro crystal company as the main control chip, design the salinity, PH, temperature sensor signal conditioning circuit, serial communication circuit, liquid crystal display circuit, A/D sampling circuit, introduces the production process of glass steel ship, the ship collision avoidance scheme. Software: the program design of each module, the serial communication program design, GPS data processing data acquisition and program A/D. Key words : Water quality monitoring; sensor; GPS; GSM; ship model;
III 目 目 录 录
摘要 ..................................................................................................................................... I Abstract .............................................................................................................................. II 目 录 ................................................................................................................................ III 1 引言 ................................................................................................................................. 1 1.1 本课题的研究目的及意义 ................................................................................. 1 1.2 国内外研究现状和发展趋势 .............................................................................. 1 1.3 论文的主要工作 .................................................................................................. 1 2 系统的整体设计 ............................................................................................................ 3 2.1 系统需求分析 ..................................................................................................... 3 2.1.1 系统功能需求分析 ................................................................................... 3 2.1.2 系统性能需求分析 ................................................................................... 3 2.2 系统的布局结构 ................................................................................................. 3 3 系统硬件电路设计 ........................................................................................................ 5 3.1 系统硬件电路设计概述 ...................................................................................... 5 3.2 传感器模块设计 ................................................................................................. 6 3.2.1 盐度传感器设计 ...................................................................................... 6 3.2.2 PH 传感器设计 ......................................................................................... 7 3.2.3 温度传感器设计 ....................................................................................... 8 3.3 GPS 定位模块设计 .............................................................................................. 9 3.3.1 GPS 模块选择 ........................................................................................... 9 3.3.2 GPS 工作原理 ........................................................................................... 9 3.3.3 GPS 模块结构图 ....................................................................................... 9 3.3.4 GPS 模块原理图 ..................................................................................... 10 3.4 GSM 通信模块设计 .......................................................................................... 13 3.4.1 GSM 模块选择 ....................................................................................... 13 3.4.2 SMS 短信业务 ........................................................................................ 13 3.4.3 GSM 模块电源电路 ............................................................................... 13 3.5 串口通信模块设计 ........................................................................................... 13 3.6 液晶显示模块设计 ........................................................................................... 14 3.7 A/D 采集电路设计 ............................................................................................ 14 3.8 船模设计 ........................................................................................................... 15 3.8.1 玻璃钢简介 ............................................................................................ 15 3.8.2 船模设计步骤 ........................................................................................ 15 3.8.3 动力部分设计 ........................................................................................ 17 3.8.4 避障模块设计 ........................................................................................ 19 3.8.5 转向模块设计 ........................................................................................ 20
IV 4 软件部分设计 .............................................................................................................. 21 4.1 系统主函数 ....................................................................................................... 21 4.2 GPS 部分软件设计 ............................................................................................ 21 4.2.1 GPS 术语表 ............................................................................................. 21 4.2.2 GPS 数据解析 ......................................................................................... 22 4.3 GSM 部分软件设计 .......................................................................................... 23 4.4 液晶显示程序设计 ........................................................................................... 24 4.5 A/D 采集部分程序设计 .................................................................................... 25 5 系统实验测试 .............................................................................................................. 27 5.1 标定实验 ........................................................................................................... 27 5.1.1 盐度标定 ................................................................................................ 27 5.1.2 PH 的标定 ............................................................................................... 28 5.1.3 温度的标定 ............................................................................................ 29 5.2 GSM 模块配置 .................................................................................................. 30 5.3 GPS 数据校验 .................................................................................................... 32 5.4 运行结果 ........................................................................................................... 32 6 本文总结 ...................................................................................................................... 34 6.1 总结 ................................................................................................................... 34 6.2 未来工作展望 ................................................................................................... 34 参 考 文 献 .................................................................................................................... 35 致 谢 .............................................................................................................................. 36
第 1 页 共 41 页 1 引言 “十一五”期间我国水产养殖业发展迅速，水产品的质量、数量明显增加，为我国实现农业现代化进程做出重要贡献。“十二五”时期，人们对水产品的养殖安...
